Transportation of natural and other gas by pipeline. Could be used solely for pipeline network optimization as well as for modeling coordinated operation of natural gas pipeline system and electric networks gso models, algorithms, key engineering constraints see a. Given the dearth of statewide datasets, we used gas pipeline data from bradford county as a case study to develop statewide projections of gathering gas pipeline. The transmission grid is comprised of more than 210 natural gas pipeline systems. Hydraulic design proposal which identifies the new facilities required to meet the scope as defined above. For more information on bc one call, visit the bc one call. All of these requirements make pipeline hydraulics an extremely important step in field development planning. The lyrical subject intelligently selects the angloamerican type of political culture. Oil and gas pipelines in nontechnical language the role of pipelines and research in the u. The work associated with operating a compressor and the initial cost of pipe are interrelated by the diameter of the pipe. The use of pipeline over compression reduces the overall fuel usage and has the ability to store gas in the form of pipeline pack. Indianwood avenue, broken arrow, ok 74012 introduction measurement of the quality of natural gas requires a variety of instrumentation, only one of which is the gas chromatograph.
Caterpillar provides the widest power range and fuel and lowest owning and operating costs in the industry. Gas pipeline hydraulic course free download as powerpoint presentation. Pipeline wall thickne ss, pump station facilit ies, and exp ansion plan s to meet the required annual capacities have been identified in this proposal. Design calculations for oil and gas pipelines common aspects and specific topics.
Pipephase pipeline network design a pipephasetm pipeline network design simulation software rigorously models steadystate multiphase flow in oil and gas networks and pipeline systems with the power and flexibility to model applications ranging from the sensitivity analysis of key parameters. Mathematical derivations are reduced to a minimum, since the intent is to provide the practicing engineer a practical tool to understand and apply the concepts of gas flow in pipes. All sources of impact on the hydraulic resistance of a pipeline section are. Oil and gas pipeline fundamentals pipeline knowledge. The adiabatic flow of an ideal gas flowing through a. Cat gas compression engines are the prime movers for gas lift, gas gathering, wellhead gas compression, pipeline compression, storage, gathering, and reinjection. In your daytoday planning, design, operation, and optimization of pipelines, wading through complex formulas and theories is not the way to get the job done. Especially for gas pipelines a realistic temperature model turns out to be essential.
From 19th century lamp oil to the advent of the gasoline engine and. Pipelines are safe, efficient and, because most are buried, largely unseen. Figure 1 overview of a pipeline model comprising detailed stations and pipeline sections. Describe an excel template for pipeline hydraulic calculations slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Hydraulic pipeline with resistive and fluid compressibility. Computation of natural gas pipeline hydraulics miguel bagajewicz, and gary valtinson department of chemical, biological and materials engineering, university of oklahoma, norman, oklahoma 73019, united states. Oil and gas pipeline design, maintenance and repair. This interface and the calculation engines kypipe, surge, gas, steam, goflow, and goplot were developed by civil engineering professors from the university of kentucky and have been continually updated and maintained for over 45 years. Gas pipeline hydraulics acts as a quickreference guide to formulas, codes, and standards encountered in the gas industry. It is also useful for determining the effects of demand or load changes.
Introduction to liquid pipeline hydraulics this online course on liquid pipeline hydraulics covers the steady state transportation of liquids in pipelines. It is important to note that it is bnes intention to link all the wells and conduct the oil to its central storage facility at iguana creek. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. This pdf file contains the dirt mapping prepared by api and approved by cga. Visualisation of the simulation results via dynamic hydraulic profile. In addition, startups, shutdowns, and downstream production requirement changes to the steadystate conditions must be considered in a dynamic model. The set of equations describing flow of natural gas in a pipeline can be used to show that the main. In this method, objects such as pipe segments, valves, compressor stations and other devices. Its engineering expertise, applications knowhow and installation experience are peerless. The hydraulic resistive tube blocks account for friction losses, while the constant volume hydraulic chamber block accounts for fluid compressibility. This online course on gas pipeline hydraulics covers the steady state analysis of compressible fluid flow through pipelines. Computation of natural gas pipeline hydraulics miguel bagajewicz, and gary valtinson department of chemical, biological and materials engineering, university of oklahoma, norman, oklahoma 73019, united states oksolutions, norman, oklahoma 73019, united states. North dakota natural gas pipelines d gas plants alliance aux sable bison hess kinder morgan northern border oneok wbi energy whiting bakken mature bakken three forks updated. Minimum federal safety standards 49 cfr 192 this document contains only the sections needed for the api 1169 icp exams.
Even before marcellus shale natural gas development started, pennsylvania had. By using the block parameters, you can set the model to simulate pipeline with rigid or flexible walls, including simulation of hydraulic hoses with elastic and viscoelastic properties. For the gas reliability role above 1, hydraulics and best practices seem to govern the. Leak detection in pipeline systems using hydraulic methods. After initial processing, the gas flows into gathering pipelines that transport the gas to a transmission pipeline or another processing plant. Accurate calculation of pipeline transport capacity leif idar langelandsvik 1. Aga3, orifice metering of natural gas and other related hydrocarbons 1. Unlike a liquid pipeline, due to compressibility, the gas velocity depends upon the pressure and, hence, will vary along the pipeline even if the pipe diameter.
Hydraulic piping standard handbook is intended for professionals working within industries where hydraulic piping is used. Association of oil pipe lines american petroleum institute. In this article the implications of the selection of the equation of state for the pipeline. Presentation on calculation of line pack of natural gas pipe. Gas properties gas velocity the velocity of gas flow in a pipeline represents the speed at which the gas molecules move from one point to another. Introduction to gas pipeline hydraulics this online course on gas pipeline hydraulics covers the steady state analysis of compressible fluid flow through pipelines. Steadystate flow of gas through pipes oil and gas pipeline design, maintenance and.
An integrated approach to modeling pipeline hydraulics in. Pressure relief valve sizing gas or vapor pressure relief valve sizing steam pressure relief valve sizing liquid with capacity certification pressure relief valve sizing liquid without capacity certification. In crude oil pipelines depositions of heavier crude components can lead to variations of the internal diameter or cross section. Engineering books pdf, download free books related to engineering and many more. Pipeline, pump station and dra facilities bde hydraulics will identify the pump and pipeline facilities required to meet the desired throughputs. Therefore, designing a pipe with the appropriate diameter is crucial to the optimization of the pipeline. Computation of natural gas pipeline hydraulics miguel bagajewicz, and gary valtinson department of chemical, biological and materials engineering, university of oklahoma, norman, oklahoma 73019, united states oksolutions, norman, oklahoma 73019, united states abstract.
Backhaus, optimal control of transient flow in natural gas networks, in 54th ieee. For the sake of illustration, a simplified hydraulic analysis will be performed where gas is transported from a source location to a delivery point located 200 miles away. Based on the authors 30 years of experience in manufacturing and the oil and gas industry, the book presents a stepbystep introduction to the concepts in a practical approach illustrated by realworld examples, case. Pipe2018 is the intuitive interface behind the powerful suite of modules shown below. This handbook offers relevant information in one package for anyone installing or using nonwelded hydraulic piping systems. The faqs contained on this page are intended to clarify, explain, and promote better understanding of the gas transmission pipeline integrity management im. With more than 200 years of industrial pump experience and 100 years of pipeline pumping experience, flowserve has earned a preeminent position in the industry through advanced. History of gas and oil pipelines without pic pipeline knowledge. Lucid midstream gas and oil pipelines fni designed and provided construction management of approximately 150 miles 15 pipelines of natural gas gathering pipelines, natural gas liquids, and oil pipelines in west texas.
Pipeline transportation of natural gas and crude oil congressional research service 2 pipeline siting, construction, and operation authorization for siting of a pipeline facility generally involves approval of the route and location of the pipeline and related facilities e. Natural gas pipelines an extensive web of pipelines is needed to collect gas from well sites and transport it to storage areas and major markets. Pipelines systems without compression generally cost more per unit transported than a design that utilizes compression. Hydraulic considerations for pipelines crossing stream. When there was a lack of computing power, several approximate formulas weymouth, panhandle, aga, etc. This handbook gives easytouse guidelines and compiles all relevant information in one place.
Real gas effects exert a significant influence on the hydraulics of natural gas transmission pipelines. Pipeline transportation of natural gas and crude oil. As a standard for comparison, 20inch pipe will be assumed with a source pressure of 800 psi, and a delivery pressure of 150 psi. Design calculations for oil and gas pipelines common. These include water lines, refined petroleum products and crude oil pipelines. Gassco uses several definitions for pipeline transport capacity. Hydraulic considerations for pipelines crossing stream channels technical note 423 by. Hydraulic transient is a flow condition where the flow velocity and pressure change rapidly very fast with time in pipelines filled with water. Heat exchange with the environment shows considerable differences for onshore and offshore pipelines. The module includes the ability to account for ideal natural gas distribution and landfill gas collection. Gasmod gas pipeline hydraulics new version youtube. Based on the authors 30 years of experience in manufacturing and the oil and gas industry, in your daytoday planning, design, operation, and optimization of pipelines, wading through complex formulas and theories is not. A hydraulic systems consists of many components, and when a flow control component changes status for example, a valve closing or pump stop, it causes the change to move through the. This course will prove to be a refresher in fluid mechanics as it is applied to real world pipeline design.
Based on the authors 30 years of experience in manufacturing and the oil and gas industry, the book presents a. May 12, 2016 presentation on calculation of line pack of natural gas pipe using aspen plus dynamics and using manual calculations 1. This pdf file contains the june 2002 paper prepared by cheryl trench allegro energy group comparing the current ppts form with the ops 70001 incident reporting form. Pipeline and compression, pros and cons pipelines systems without compression generally cost more per unit transported than a design that utilizes compression. This pdf file contains the dirt user guide prepared by cga. Marcellus gas wells dep, 2011a and has over 500 miles of built and proposed gas pipelines bradford county, 2011 seeiguref 1. Gas analyzes steady, onedimensional, isothermal flow for ideal and nonideal variable density gases. Waste energy recovery opportunities for interstate natural. Jim fogg surface water hydrologist bureau of land management denver, co and heidi hadley salinity coordinator bureau of land management salt lake city, ut 2007 hydraulic considerations for pipelines crossing stream channels technical note 423 april 2007. Preoperational cleaning of natural gas piping using nitrogen. Transient simulation and optimization of natural gas pipeline. The guidelines recognize safety is a shared responsibility between operators, contractors, locators and everyone involved in the planning and construction process.
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